The same kind of flowers have different water requirements, such as cactus, prickly pear and other pulpy flowers are more drought-tolerant and do not need more watering;Flowers such as cymbidium and crab-claw plants like wet conditions and need to be watered more。Different growth periods of the same kind of flowers have different water requirements, and the water requirement is larger in the growth period, and more watering is appropriate to promote growth;During flower bud differentiation, water less appropriately to promote flower bud differentiation。

    The choice of flower water quality

    Natural water is divided into hard water and soft water。The mineral salt content of hard water is high, and long-term watering will have adverse effects on flower growth。Soft water has low mineral salt content and is an ideal watering water for flowers。The water hardness of rainwater, river water and lake water is low, and can be directly used for watering, but the hardness of groundwater such as spring water and well water is very high, and can not directly water flowers。Tap water should not be used directly because it contains chlorine and other disinfecting substances. Use open tanks, ponds and other containers for 3 to 5 days, and then use after volatilization and precipitation of harmful substances in the water。

    Water the root well

    The first watering after planting is called fixed root water。The root water must be poured thoroughly。Because the first planted soil is not very heavy, there are many gaps in the soil, only after the water is poured through, the soil and the root system can be fully integrated。Generally, after planting, it is necessary to irrigate twice in a row, the first time after pouring the water, and see the water flowing out of the bottom hole of the basin, and then pouring again, so as to ensure that the soil is fully absorbed and closely connected with the root system。

    When watering, most flowers are sprayed。It can not only increase the air humidity, but also wash the dust on the leaf surface。However, for flowers with fluff or flowering leaves, you can not spray water, but should sit the pot in the basin, using the bottom hole of the basin to seep water, so that the basin soil is wet。

    In summer, potted flowers have vigorous respiration and require good permeability of potted soil。Therefore, when the basin soil is not dry, generally do not water, so as not to affect the air permeability of too much water, but it should be watered immediately after drying and must be watered thoroughly。Summer basin soil is often too dry and cracked, so watering can not be completed at once, otherwise the water along the gap straight leakage basin bottom, and most of the basin soil is still very dry。You should wait for a while after the first watering, and then water again after the soil cracks are closed。

    If you forget to water for many days, resulting in drought and wilting of plants, do not rush to pour water, should first move the potted flowers to a cool and ventilated place, spray the leaves with a watering can 2 to 3 times, wait for the leaves to slow down, and then a small amount of water, such as roots to restore water absorption function, and then pour thoroughly。

    Water carefully in summer and winter

    Water temperature has a direct effect on root physiological activities of flowers。If there is a large difference between the water temperature and the soil temperature (more than 5 ° C), watering will cause sudden changes in soil temperature and damage the roots, but affect the root system's absorption of water, resulting in physiological drought。Therefore, it is better to irrigate when the water temperature is close to the soil temperature, especially in winter and summer。In winter, first store the water indoors for a period of time, or slightly add warm water to raise the water temperature to 15 ~ 20 ° C, and then irrigate。In summer, water should be avoided under the scorching sun and at high temperatures at noon。

    Flower watering time

    The choice of watering time should try to make the water temperature close to the soil temperature。Under normal circumstances, the difference between water temperature and soil temperature is within 5 ° C, so watering flowers is relatively safe and root damage will not occur。Specific to the daily watering time, spring, summer, autumn, winter are not the same。

    In spring, fall, and winter, around 10 am and after 4 PM are the appropriate times to water flowers。Midsummer noon，The temperature is very high.，The temperature of the leaf surface of flowers can be as high as 40℃，Transpiration is strong，At the same time, water evaporates quickly，The root system needs to continuously absorb water，Make up for the loss of leaf transpiration，If you pour cold water on it，Although the basin soil added water，But because of a sudden drop in soil temperature，The root hair is stimulated by the low temperature，Will immediately block the normal absorption of water。At this time, because there is no preparation in the flower body, the leaf pores are not closed, and the water loses the balance of supply and demand, resulting in the leaf cells becoming wilted from a tense state, making the plant produce "physiological drought", the leaves are scorched, and the whole plant will die seriously。

    This phenomenon is particularly obvious in herbaceous flowers, such as geraniums, daikon, chrysanthemum and so on, the most avoid cold water at noon in hot weather。Therefore, do not water the flowers at noon in the hot summer。In the same way, the temperature difference between morning and evening in winter is large, and of course, flowers should be watered at noon when the soil temperature is relatively close to the temperature。Many flower growers are used to watering in the evening, mistaken for this, in fact, on the contrary, especially in winter or indoors, if watering at night, the water is slowly lost, will increase the soil and air humidity and easily lead to flower infections and frost damage。

    Watering at different stages of development

    Nursery stage

    Basin soil should be dry, as the saying goes, "dry roots, wet leaves", the soil is easy to grow roots and seedlings。Too much water will cause the seedlings to grow out。

    Camp ** for a long time

    Water well to flourish, otherwise the plant will grow slowly。However, it is not possible to blindly water more and cause the basin soil to rot, the general principle of watering is that the basin soil sees dry and wet, dry and wet alternately, in order to keep the topsoil moist。The "dry" mentioned here does not mean that the basin soil does not have a little moisture, and the statement of "dry and pour thoroughly until the water flows out from the bottom hole" is unscientific。Because the soil is dry, there will be cracks between the basin and the soil, and the water will soon be lost along the cracks when watering, and it is obviously impossible to pour through。In this case, you should first loosen the soil and then water or directly use the dipping basin method to feed water。

    Reproductive phase

    When flowers are transformed from camp growth to flower bud differentiation, such as excessive water or excessive nitrogen fertilizer, the formed flower buds will also become leaf buds, so in the flower bud differentiation period, the method of holding water (control watering) can be used to inhibit the growth of branches and leaves and promote the formation of flower buds。Such as bougainplum, plum blossom, peach, magnolia, etc., in June to July, respectively, control water 2 to 3 times, to water the tips and leaves wilting, can effectively improve the flowering rate。

    Flowering and fruiting period

    Once the flowers enter the stage of pregnancy and flowering and fruit, the water consumption is the most, the water can not be short, but can not make the branches and leaves wilting, otherwise the flowering period becomes short and the flowering is poor。But it should not be too much, especially not water, long-term water will lead to falling flowers and fruit。

    The above is a general rule, the number of watering should also be flexible according to the local climate and environmental conditions at the time, such as air humidity, the texture and size of the pot, and the condition of the pot soil。

（来源：Jinnong）

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